In the clinical transplant setting, Stringaris et al. (2010) revealed that three donor B haplotype KIR genes, KIR2DL5A, KIR2DS1, and KIR3DS1, were associated with significantly less relapse in patients with AML undergoing HLA-identical sibling HSCT. The gene discussed is KIR3DL1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.