Thus, the increased expression of these two miRs leads to enhanced cell proliferation and survival.19 Based on our previous studies demonstrating the tumorigenic role of miR-221 and miR-222 in melanoma development and progression,18 here we demonstrate the transcriptional activating role of HOXB7/PBX2 complex on these two micro RNAs and, in turn, miR-221&222 direct targeting of c-FOS. The gene discussed is PBX2; the disease is melanoma.