After further adjustments for age, education status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, use of antidiabetic medication, dyslipidemia, and fasting serum insulin, the ORs for NAFLD among the 3 current-smoking groups were 1.03 (95% CI 0.78–1.36, P = 0.82), 1.21 (95% CI 0.93–1.58, P = 0.19), and 2.29 (95% CI 1.30–4.03, P = 0.004), respectively. This evidence concerns the gene INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.