In the largest available study in NAFLD, Al-Serri et al. examined a possible association between SOD2 genotype and susceptibility to NASH using two complementary approaches: a family study in which they analyzed trios consisting of children with fibrotic NAFLD and their two parents, and a classical case-control allelic association study in unrelated patients with NAFLD of varying severity. This evidence concerns the gene SOD2 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.