Although endogenous protective regulatory signals such as neuropeptides [6], [30], [31], cannabinoids [32], [33], [34], and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and transforming growth factor-β) [35] in the brain inhibit microglial overactivation, the excessive inflammatory response might result in microglia initiating neuronal death and drive the progressive nature of neurodegenerative disease. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is neurodegenerative disease.