INS and diabetes mellitus: However, although the insulin or sulphonylurea-based intensified glucose-control treatment was effective in reducing the risk of major microvascular endpoints, the effects on CVD risk were modest and did not reach statistical significance.2 Recent large clinical trials (often referred to as “megatrials”), the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease (ADVANCE),3 Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD),4 and the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Trial (VADT),5 reported no significant decrease in primary cardiovascular endpoints with intensive glucose control.