In conclusion, we found that the polymorphisms XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC1 Arg399Gln, and XRCC3 Thr241Met, were significantly associated with glioma cancer susceptibility among Chinese women, and that the combination of XRCC1 194T allele and XRCC3 241T allele was even more strongly associated with elevated glioma risk. The gene discussed is XRCC1; the disease is glioma.