Concentrations of invasion-promoting factors in serum from malaria-infected women including pregnancy-related hormones IGF-I, IGF-II and cytokine IL-8 [11] were lower than concentrations in serum from uninfected women [by 37% (P = .07), 25% (P = .1) and 47% respectively (P = . The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is malaria.