Several markers are used to assess microbial translocation (MT) in patients with HIV or inflammatory bowel disease [10], such as microbial products [lipopolysaccharide (LPS), plasma bacterial 16SrDNA, anti-flagellin antibodies] [11], markers of the systemic response to bacterial products (sCD14, LPS-binding protein), and of enterocyte damage [intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP)] [12], [13]. This evidence concerns the gene FABP2 and inflammatory bowel disease.