TGFβ3 has been found to have a vital role in palatogenesis as TGFβ3 homozygous null mice develop a cleft palate due to a failure in the fusion process (Proetzel et al., 1995), while the exogenous addition of TGFβ3 can reverse cleft palate development in mice (Shah et al., 1995). The gene discussed is TGFB3; the disease is cleft palate.