However, in our study, we did not find any positive evidence for a selective enrichment of HLA-G+ CD4 and CD8 Treg in lymphoid tissues, either in HAART-treated or in untreated HIV-1 patients; but this observation in a limited number of patients does not exclude the possibility of tissue compartmentalization of HLA-G+ Treg in HIV-1 infection. The gene discussed is HLA-G; the disease is HIV-1 infection.