The presence of DMs in cancer patients is correlated with poor prognosis and poor chemotherapeutic response.28–30 Many chromosomal regions, such as 8q24, 3q26, 7p12, 16q, 22q23, 17q21, 1q21, 12q14–15, 4q12 and 7q31, carrying oncogenic genes, including MYC, EGFR, MYCN, EIF5A2, ATBF1, MDM2, DDX1, ERBB2, COAS, GLI, PDGFRA, MET and TRIB1, have been reported to be amplified on DMs in human cancers.31–35 Co-amplification of different oncogenes or chromosomal regions was also reported in human cancers. Here, MDM2 is linked to cancer.