The evidence that the depletion of CD4+CD25high Treg cells enhances the capacity to induce cellular and humoral immunity to Her-2 which is expressed on primary and metastatic breast cancer cells (Fulton et al., 2006) confirms the importance of these cells and highlights the importance of improving our understanding of the influence of the breast tumor microenvironment on protective innate and adaptive anti-tumor immunity. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is breast carcinoma.