Since secretion of chemokines is responsible for the inflammatory cell trafficking toward the sites of infection and the recruitment of immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils, we measured mRNA levels of various chemokines such as CCL3, CCL5, CCL7, CCL19, CCL20, CCL21, by real-time reverse-transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Here, CCL5 is linked to infection.