As shown in Figure 2, analysis of mucosal damage score demonstrated that, with the exception of TLR4−/− mice which showed a less severe disease, the severity of the colitis was essentially similar in wild type, TLR2−/−, TLR9−/− and MyD88−/− mice (Figure 2 A; n = 6;p<0.05). The gene discussed is MYD88; the disease is colitis.