Examples include increased Notch signaling in the podocytes of patients with glomerular proteinuria [41], the protective effects of down-regulated PKCα in a mouse model of diabetic nephropathy [42], the protective effects of inhibition of p38 MAPK in animal models of renal disease [7], [8], and inappropriate mTOR signaling in podocytes [43]. This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and diabetic kidney disease.