Examples of this type involve the (hyper-)activation of (onco)genes such as c-myc [161], E2F3 [162], Rb [163], CCND1 [164], ID-1 [165] and AKT1 [166], or the increased level of the highly specific marker BCLA-4 (a transcription factor usually over-expressed in both BC and surrounding benign tissues, but not in normal urothelium [167, 168]). Here, AKT1 is linked to breast cancer.