In addition, the newly discovered AR-mediated invasion genes (RHOA, ITGB5, and PIK3CB) and other AR-target genes residing in signaling pathways (such as EGF, FGF, mTOR, JAK/STAT, and ERK/MAPK signaling pathways) may extend the range of potential therapeutic options for treatment of advanced PCa in AA men. This evidence concerns the gene ITGB5 and posterior cortical atrophy.