As we recently demonstrated the presence of an NLRP3 inflammasome-independent subset in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS [50], the NLRP3 inflammasome may not be involved in the development of all kinds of MS, which is a multifactorial and heterogeneous disease. The gene discussed is NLRP3; the disease is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.