These are the reasons why the roles played by the UCP1 -3826A/G, UCP2 -866G/A, UCP2 Ala55Val, UCP2 Ins/Del and UCP3 -55C/T polymorphisms in T2DM risk have been studied extensively, but the results of these association studies remain inconclusive (reviewed in [3], [4], [5], [6], [9], [47]). The gene discussed is UCP2; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.