Our case-control study showed that the genotype and allele frequencies of UCP1 -3826A/G, UCP2 -866G/A, UCP2 Ala55Val, UCP2 Ins/Del and UCP3 -55C/T polymorphisms were similar in T2DM patients and non-diabetic subjects, suggesting that these polymorphisms are not important risk factors for T2DM in our population. The gene discussed is UCP1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.