Since telomere breakage and sister chromatid telomere fusion can contribute to genome instability [69], and since the progression of prostate cancer is associated with an accumulation of genetic changes [70], we propose that telomere aberrations observed in androgen-deprived or Casodex-treated (i.e. AR inactivated) cells may contribute to genetic instability, fueling the progression of prostate cancer. The gene discussed is AR; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.