During peritonitis, mesothelial cells are activated by proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) derived from peritoneal macrophages, and play critical roles in amplification of peritoneal inflammation though release of many proinflammatory cytokines and mediators [2]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and peritonitis.