IFNB1 and Rotavirus infection: Rotavirus infection stimulates IFN-β and early antiviral gene expression by a signaling pathway that requires IFN-β promoter stimulator 1 (IPS-1) (also known as MAVS, VISA, or Cardif), an adaptor protein that is recruited to signaling complexes following activation of either of two RLRs: RIG-I or melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA-5) [17]–[19] (Figure 2).