TP53 and cancer: Moreover, these mutations usually exert cancer-promoting effects, not only by dominant-negative inactivation of the remaining wild-type allele [10,11], but also through authentic oncogenic gain-of-function activities, which include a wide range of newly acquired oncogenic properties that are not found in the wild-type p53, such as increased genomic instability and cell proliferation, augmented invasion and metastasis, and drug resistance and inhibition of apoptosis [12], underlying the evidence for the association of TP53 mutations with poor clinical outcome in a variety of cancer types.