The ability of TGF-β and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in preventing differentiation and in inducing self-renewal of GBM-SCs, but not of normal human neuroprogenitors, has been recently demonstrated via a molecular cascade requiring the activation of the JAK-STAT-pathway (Peñuelas et al., 2009). Here, TGFB1 is linked to glioblastoma.