BRCA2 and ovarian carcinoma: Although only a minority of ovarian cancer patients have somatic BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations [109], Hilton and colleagues [110] reported that BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 functions were found to be compromised in the majority of both hereditary and sporadic ovarian cancer cases through a combination of gene alterations including mutations, the loss of heterozygosity, epigenetic silencing mechanisms, and unknown mechanisms leading to a lack of mRNA.