MMP2 and glomerulosclerosis: Liu and co-workers [40] found that treatment with two different doses of ATRA (5 mg/kg/day and 10 mg/kg/day by gastric gavage) lowed the glomerulosclerosis index and increased renal function in 5/6 nephrectomized Sprague Dawley rats, which was at least partly attributable to a reduction in PAI-1 and α-SMA expression; plasmin and MMP-2 levels remained unchanged.