Anti-neutrophil autoantibodies (not necessarily targeting MPO and PR3) have also been described in SS and SLE (Lamour et al., 1995; Manolova et al., 2001), with recent evidence that neutrophil antimicrobial peptides are among the antigens targeted in SLE (Lande et al., 2011). Here, PRTN3 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.