A high proportion of highly upregulated genes was also found in the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway (hsa04060), which belongs to the signalling molecules and interaction group of the Environmental Information Processing system, with 27 of the 258 pathway genes (10.5%) upregulated 4 hours post infection, eight of them, encoding IL1B, IL6, IL11, IL7R, IL20, CCL20; CXCL1 and CXCL2, by more than tenfold. Here, IL1B is linked to infection.