The profile of cytokine response in severe pH1N1 influenza virus infections revealed a hyperactivation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, MIP-1β, GM-CSF and TNRF-1 that was not apparent in milder pH1N1 infections [42], [43], [44], [45], [46]. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is infection.