Among the 72 IMPs detected in both BD-IPMN and mixed IPMN samples, G-CSF (P < 0.05), IL-23 (P < 0.1), and VCAM-1 (P < 0.1) had higher concentrations in mixed IPMN compared to BD-IPMN samples. This evidence concerns the gene CSF3 and pancreatic intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm.