However, with the current proliferation of high throughput ‘omics’ approaches, opportunities are at hand to develop and implement methodologies that analyze the resulting large data sets in order to provide critical glycan signatures of disease; for example to expand analyses from PSA to additional prostate cancer biomarkers and, more broadly, from prostate cancer to the numerous cancers and diseases known to have abnormalities in glycosylation. The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is cancer.