Whole exome sequencing of 489 high grade serous ovarian cancers (stage II to IV) confirmed the involvement of BRCA1 and BRCA2, with 8%-9% of tumor containing germline mutation and 3% more containing somatic mutation in BRCA1 and BRCA2. The study further identified other recurrently mutated genes, including TP53, RB1, NF1, FAT3, CS∖MD3, GABRA6, and CDK12. Specifically, 96% of the 489 samples contain mutations in TP53 [144]. This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and neoplasm.