A significant benefit in melanoma treatment has been recently achieved with two selective inhibitors: vemurafenib (PLX4032), which seems to particularly act on BRAFV600E mutants (although it has been demonstrated to also inhibit proliferation of melanoma cell lines expressing other codon 600 BRAF mutations: V600D, V600K, and V600R) [5-7], and dabrafenib (GSK2118436), which has been demonstrated to mostly inhibit the kinase activity in BRAFV600E/K mutants [8,9]. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.