An inverse relationship between GAL-3 and renal function has been observed in patients with HF,13,18,19 leading to the suggestion that increased plasma GAL-3 in HF might be due to renal dysfunction, and further, that the ability of GAL-3 to predict outcomes in HF might reflect, at least in part, the consequences of renal impairment. The gene discussed is LGALS3; the disease is Abnormal renal physiology.