Based on results of a monocentric clinical trial, we analyzed if already the initial proliferative (FLT) or metabolic (FDG) activity of NSCLC tumors assessed by PET is associated with overall survival irrespective of clinical trial protocol adherence, follow-up treatments or very early progression and how EGFR mutational status and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry as well as clinical parameters contribute to these findings. This evidence concerns the gene MKI67 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.