It has been reported that miRNAs are associated with the development of pancreatic β cells, production and secretion of insulin, and insulin action on target organs, such as adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle [5–10] and, more importantly, in immune regulation and autoimmune diseases [11], it can be speculated that miRNAs might affect the development of type 1 diabetes which was characterized as autoimmune insulitis with genetic susceptibility. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.