HIF1A and breast cancer: Moreover, a potent and orally bioavailable AMPK activator designated as OSU-53 has also been observed to reduce the viability and clonogenic growth of triple-negative MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo through the inhibition of mTOR pathway, lipogenesis and HIF-1α-induced EMT programme [263].