VEGFA and melanoma: Novel therapeutic strategies against aggressive and metastatic melanomas have also been investigated that consist to the molecular targeting of HIFs and/or their target gene products including pro-angiogenic factors such as VEGF, EMT programme- and altered metabolism-associated molecules in melanoma stem/progenitor cells and their progenies to counteract melanoma progression and metastases and reversing treatment resistance [23, 33, 172, 176, 179, 180, 183–188].