Adiponectin has been reported to be neuroprotective in 1) SH-SY5Y cells against MPP+-induced cytotoxicity [81], 2) SH-SY5Y cells against acetaldehyde-induced apoptosis [48], 3) a mouse model of epilepsy against kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity [82] and 4) a rat model of stroke against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury [80]. This evidence concerns the gene ADIPOQ and epilepsy.