TNFSF11 and rheumatoid arthritis: We have previously demonstrated that a single injection of RANKL and type II collagen (CII)-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) into MRL/lpr mice resulted in elevated severity of RA lesions through up-regulation of T-cell functions including T-helper (Th)1-typed cytokine production or proliferative response [14].