Recent studies suggest that PCSK9 may interfere with glucose homeostasis, since: i) insulin increases PCSK9 expression in vitro in hepatocytes and in vivo in mice and rats[14,16]; ii) the expression of PCSK9 is altered in rodent models of diabetes[46]; and iii) circulating PCSK9 concentrations were found to be correlated with the level of insulin sensitivity assessed by the HOMA-R index both in adults[11] and in children and adolescents[9]. This evidence concerns the gene PCSK9 and diabetes mellitus.