DPP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Alogliptin is a potent and selective inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4) and has been shown to reduce fasting and postprandial glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, presumably by inhibiting the inactivation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), thereby improving islet function [8-10].