NFKBIA and endothelial dysfunction: Our studies showed that GSPB2 has protective effects against early stage endothelial dysfunction in DM.We also reported for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, that GSPB2 inhibited the AGE-induced proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) through inhibiting the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB and the degradation of its inhibitor, IκB-α [15].