TNF and vitiligo: to determine whether the promoter polymorphisms of TNF-α [−238 (G/A; rs361525), −308 (G/A; rs1800629), −857 (C/T; rs1799724), −863 (C/A; rs1800630) and −1031 (T/C; rs1799964)] are associated with vitiligo susceptibility and modulate TNF-α transcript and protein levels.