In other words, though the strategy of CD154 transfection and subsequent CD40 ligation has previously been used to generate CLL-APC and CLL-specific T-cells, such T-cells have typically been able to react only against CD154-transduced CLL targets but not against native, unmanipulated CLL targets[17]; [20]; [21]; [23]. Here, APC is linked to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia.