RNF43 and cancer: Three cancer differentially expressed secreted protein gene candidates, COL3A1 (Collagen alpha-1(III) chain), DLG3 (Discs large homolog 3), and RNF43 (Ring finger protein 43), which had an odds ratio of 3.55, 7.97, and 4.03, respectively, and with limited or no clinical support were selected for real-time qPCR analysis using the Taqman® Gene Expression Assay kits (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) (Figure 5).