Missense mutations in the KEAP1 gene have been identified in several human cancers, particularly in solid tumors in the lung, gallbladder and liver (Padmanabhan et al., 2006; Singh et al., 2006; Nioi and Nguyen, 2007; Ohta et al., 2008; Shibata et al., 2008a; Takahashi et al., 2010; Li et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene KEAP1 and cancer.