NXN and Cognitive impairment: Disruption of NLs–NRX signaling precipitates a broad range of cognitive deficits, including motor, learning, and social impairments (Blundell et al., 2010; Dahlhaus and El-Husseini, 2010; Dahlhaus et al., 2010), and specific NL and NRX mutations have been implicated in autism (Südhof, 2008).