The European Cancer Anaemia Survey (ECAS) [8], the first major epidemiological study on anaemia conducted in 2001, revealed a high prevalence and incidence, and highlighted that many patients (some of them with haemoglobin [Hb] < 10 g/dL and/or symptomatic anaemia) received no specific treatment. This evidence concerns the gene GSTM1 and anemia (phenotype).