IL4 and atherosclerosis: Atherosclerosis as an immuno-inflammatory disease has been associated with a prevalent T-helper (Th) 1 response, being the Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) a key cytokine for pro-inflammatory response amplification; although controversial, data support an antiatherogenic effect of Th2 responses, and Interleukin (IL)-4, the prototypic Th2-related cytokine, is generally considered as an anti-inflammatory cytokine[2].